Role of Mutated Gene in the Evolution of Large Brained, Small-Jawed Hum

Role of Mutated Gene in the Evolution of Large Brained, Small-Jawed HumansThe debate with-in the anthropology field has been modify over the evolution of the valet de chambre and the events that break lead us to where we are instantaneously. One of the major(ip) questions that is debated is how did we, humans-large brained and small jawed, evolve from primates-large jawed and small brained. Interestingly enough, this debate is now being directed from outside the field by biologists and plastic surgeons. On march 25, 2004, Doctors Stedman (and others) published their findings in Nature (VOL 428) under the title Myosin gene play correlates with anatomical changes in the human lineage. Their findings point to the gene myosin and its mutated form MYH16 and that the mutation that toke place some 2.4 million years ago as a major step in the development of a larger brain that we now as humans have. In this paper I aim to outline what they have discovered and point out some of the controversy surrounding the findings. It is not my goal to understand how the gene functions, but to rely on accepted adjudicate conclusions that the gene is mutated but I will explain what this can say about the formation of bone structure. What the researchers found centers on the MYH16 mutation and the original myosin gene, a protein that builds strong muscular jaws. Myosin is a protein that works with other proteins to contract muscles, more importantly jaw muscles. The mutation of myosin, MYH16, causes a weaker bite. In their experiments they looked at macaque monkey and human genes to determine how this mutation worked. They found that the gene myosin only worked in the muscles of the head used for chewing and biting. The difference between the two subjects was... ...ary SourceStedman, Hansell, et. al. Myosin Gene variation Correlates with Anatomical Changes in the Human Lineage. Nature, Vol 428, March 28, 2004. The Nature Publishing Group. www.nature.com/natureSe condary SourcesAssociated Press. Gene Mutation Said Linked to Evolution. http//abcnews.go.com/wire/Living/ap20040324_1105.htmlHopkin, Michael. Jaw-Dropping surmise of Human Evolution. http//www.nature.com/nsu/040322/040322-9.htmlKreeger, Karen. Myosin Mutant Points to Human Origins. http//www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2004-03/uopm-mmp032204.phpAnanthaswamy, Anil. Early Humans Swapped Bite for Brain. http//www.newscientist.com/news/news.jsp?id=ns99994817Reuters. Scientists Humans traded jaw strength for big brains. http//edition.cnn.com/2004/TECH/science/03/24/science.brains.reut/index.html